Last data update: May 06, 2024. (Total: 46732 publications since 2009)
Records 1-13 (of 13 Records) |
Query Trace: Basket M[original query] |
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Parental experiences with vaccine information statements: Implications for timing, delivery, and parent-provider immunization communication
Frew PM , Chung Y , Fisher AK , Schamel J , Basket MM . Vaccine 2016 34 (48) 5840-5844 OBJECTIVE: We examined Vaccine Information Statements (VIS) dissemination practices and parental use and perceptions. METHODS: We conducted a national online panel survey of 2603 US parents of children aged <7. Primary outcomes included reported VIS receipt, delivery timing, reading experiences, and perceived utility. RESULTS: Most parents received a VIS (77.2%; [95% CI: 74.5-79.7%]), 59.7% [56.6-62.7%] before vaccination but 14.5% [12.5-16.8%] reported receiving it after their child's immunization; 15.1% [13.0-17.6%] were unsure of receipt status or timing; another 10.7% [9.0-12.6%] reported non-receipt of a VIS. Less than half who received a VIS before vaccination completed it before vaccination (46.2% [42.4, 50.0%]), but most who read at least some found the information useful (95.7% [93.8-97.0%]). Parents who delayed or refused at least one recommended non-influenza vaccine reported fewer opportunities to ask providers VIS questions. CONCLUSIONS: Most parents report receiving VIS before vaccination as per federal guidelines. Continued effort is needed to enhance VIS distribution practice and parent-provider VIS content communication. |
Changes in childhood immunization decisions in the United States: Results from 2012 & 2014 National Parental Surveys
Frew PM , Fisher AK , Basket MM , Chung Y , Schamel J , Weiner JL , Mullen J , Omer SB , Orenstein WA . Vaccine 2016 34 (46) 5689-5696 OBJECTIVE: Understanding the current status of parents' vaccine decision making is crucial to inform public policy. We sought to assess changes in vaccine decisions among parents of young children. METHODS: We conducted a web-based national poll of parents of children <7years in 2012 and 2014. Participants reported vaccine decisions for their youngest child. We calculated survey-weighted population estimates of overall immunizations decisions, and delay/refusal rates for specific vaccines. RESULTS: In 2012, 89.2% (95% CI, 87.3-90.8%) reported accepting or planning to accept all recommended non-influenza childhood vaccines, 5.5% (4.5-6.6%) reported intentionally delaying one or more, and 5.4% (4.1-6.9%) reported refusing one or more vaccines. In 2014, the acceptance, delay, and refusal rates were 90.8% (89.3-92.1%), 5.6% (4.6-6.9%), and 3.6% (2.8-4.5%), respectively. Between 2012 and 2014, intentional vaccine refusal decreased slightly among parents of older children (2-6years) but not younger children (0-1years). The proportion of parents working to catch up on all vaccines increased while those refusing some but not all vaccines decreased. The South experienced a significant increase in estimated acceptance (90.1-94.1%) and a significant decrease in intentional ongoing refusal (5.0-2.1%). Vaccine delay increased in the Northeast (3.2-8.8%). CONCLUSIONS: Nationally, acceptance and ongoing intentional delay of recommended non-influenza childhood vaccines were stable. These findings suggest that more effort is warranted to counter persistent vaccine hesitancy, particularly at the local level. Longitudinal monitoring of immunization attitudes is also warranted to evaluate temporal shifts over time and geographically. |
Implementing an Ebola vaccine study - Sierra Leone
Widdowson MA , Schrag SJ , Carter RJ , Carr W , Legardy-Williams J , Gibson L , Lisk DR , Jalloh MI , Bash-Taqi DA , Kargbo SA , Idriss A , Deen GF , Russell JB , McDonald W , Albert AP , Basket M , Callis A , Carter VM , Ogunsanya KR , Gee J , Pinner R , Mahon BE , Goldstein ST , Seward JF , Samai M , Schuchat A . MMWR Suppl 2016 65 (3) 98-106 In October 2014, the College of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences of the University of Sierra Leone, the Sierra Leone Ministry of Health and Sanitation, and CDC joined the global effort to accelerate assessment and availability of candidate Ebola vaccines and began planning for the Sierra Leone Trial to Introduce a Vaccine against Ebola (STRIVE). STRIVE was an individually randomized controlled phase II/III trial to evaluate efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety of the recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus Ebola vaccine (rVSV-ZEBOV). The study population was health care and frontline workers in select chiefdoms of the five most affected districts in Sierra Leone. Participants were randomized to receive a single intramuscular dose of rVSV-ZEBOV at enrollment or to receive a single intramuscular dose 18-24 weeks after enrollment. All participants were followed up monthly until 6 months after vaccination. Two substudies separately assessed detailed reactogenicity over 1 month and immunogenicity over 12 months. During the 5 months before the trial, STRIVE and partners built a research platform in Sierra Leone comprising participant follow-up sites, cold chain, reliable power supply, and vaccination clinics and hired and trained at least 350 national staff. Wide-ranging community outreach, informational sessions, and messaging were conducted before and during the trial to ensure full communication to the population of the study area regarding procedures and current knowledge about the trial vaccine. During April 9-August 15, 2015, STRIVE enrolled 8,673 participants, of whom 453 and 539 were also enrolled in the safety and immunogenicity substudies, respectively. As of April 28, 2016, no Ebola cases and no vaccine-related serious adverse events, which by regulatory definition include death, life-threatening illness, hospitalization or prolongation of hospitalization, or permanent disability, were reported in the study population. Although STRIVE will not produce an estimate of vaccine efficacy because of low case frequency as the epidemic was controlled, data on safety and immunogenicity will support decisions on licensure of rVSV-ZEBOV.The activities summarized in this report would not have been possible without collaboration with many U.S. and international partners (http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/outbreaks/2014-west-africa/partners.html). |
Don't Lay Your Eggs All in One Basket: Brood Parasitism as a Survival Strategy
Breedlove B , Arguin PM . Emerg Infect Dis 2015 21 (10) 1891-2 This month’s cover image,1 Plate 99 from Birds of America (printed in stages during 1827−1838) by American ornithologist, naturalist, and painter John James Audubon (1785–1851), shows a pair of oft-vilified brown-headed cowbirds. This painting appears in the book as one of 435 life-sized watercolors that were reproduced from Audubon’s hand-engraved plates. In this painting, he portrays the birds frozen in act of foraging, a technique he honed from observing birds where they lived. Audubon’s own words best describe the work: “Male with the head and neck sooty-brown, the body black, glossed with green, the fore part of the back with blue. Female considerably smaller, greyish-brown, the lower parts lighter.” | | The genus of this bird, Molothrus ater—as well as the bronze-headed variant Molothrus aeneus—comes from Molothrus, the Greek work meaning vagabond or parasite. Although there are other bird species that prey on the parental skills of their feathered neighbors by laying eggs in their nests, only birds of those two species practice obligate parasitism in North America, placing them among approximately one percent of avian species worldwide. |
Childhood immunizations: first-time expectant mothers' knowledge, beliefs, intentions, and behaviors
Weiner JL , Fisher AM , Nowak GJ , Basket MM , Gellin BG . Am J Prev Med 2015 49 S426-34 INTRODUCTION: This study focused on how first-time mothers decide or intend to decide with respect to the recommended childhood immunization schedule. METHODS: This was the baseline survey of a larger longitudinal survey. Data were collected between June and September 2014 from 200 first-time mothers in their second trimester of pregnancy to examine vaccine-related knowledge, perceptions, intentions, and information-seeking behavior. RESULTS: Data were analyzed between January and June 2015. Seventy-five percent planned to have their child receive all the vaccinations consistent with the recommended childhood immunization schedule. Although participants expressed interest in childhood vaccine information, most had not received information directly from a primary care provider. One third reported receiving such information from their obstetrician/gynecologist but only about half of those were "very satisfied" with the information they received. About 70% indicated they were not familiar with the recommended vaccination schedule and number of routinely recommended vaccines. Familiarity with common vaccine education messages varied widely. Women who indicated they were planning to delay one or more recommended vaccinations were most likely to rely on Internet searches for childhood vaccine information. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, respondents had relatively positive beliefs and perceptions regarding childhood vaccines, which were associated with intentions to get their newborn vaccinated as recommended. However, most who were planning to delay recommended vaccinations or were undecided relied primarily on socially available sources of vaccine information, rather than information provided by a healthcare professional. Improved access to vaccine information from healthcare professionals could foster better vaccine-related knowledge and favorably impact vaccination decisions. |
Promoting influenza vaccination: insights from a qualitative meta-analysis of 14 years of influenza-related communications research by U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Nowak GJ , Sheedy K , Bursey K , Smith TM , Basket M . Vaccine 2015 33 (24) 2741-56 INTRODUCTION: A primary mission of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) is promoting immunization against seasonal influenza. As with most education efforts, CDC's influenza-related communications are often informed by formative research. METHODS: A qualitative meta-analysis of 29 unpublished, primarily qualitative CDC-sponsored studies related to flu and flu vaccination knowledge, attitudes and beliefs (KABs). The studies, undertaken between 2000 and 2013, involved focus groups, in-depth interviews, message testing and surveys. Some involved health care professionals, while others involved members of the public, including sub-populations at risk for severe illness. FINDINGS: The themes that emerged suggested progress in terms of KABs related to influenza and influenza vaccination, but also the persistence of many barriers to vaccine acceptance. With respect to the public, recurring themes included limited understanding of influenza and immunization recommendations, indications of greater sub-group recognition of the value of flu vaccination, continued resistance to vaccination among many, and overestimation of the effectiveness of non-vaccine measures. Seven cognitive facilitators of vaccination were identified in the studies along with six cognitive barriers. For health care providers, the analysis suggests greater knowledge and more favorable beliefs, but many misperceptions persist and are similar to those held by the public. KABs often differed by type or category of health care provider. CONCLUSIONS: The themes identified in this qualitative analysis illustrate the difficulty in changing KABs related to influenza and influenza vaccine, particularly on the scope and scale needed to greatly improve uptake. Even with an influenza pandemic and more vaccine options available, public and some health care provider perceptions and beliefs are difficult and slow to change. This meta-analysis does, however, provide important insights from previously unpublished information that can help those who are promoting influenza vaccination to health care providers, the general public and specific populations within the general population. |
Assessment of hand-transmitted vibration exposure from motorized forks used for beach-cleaning operations
McDowell TW , Welcome DE , Warren C , Xu XS , Dong RG . Ann Occup Hyg 2013 57 (1) 43-53 Motorized vibrating manure forks were used in beach-cleaning operations following the massive Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico during the summer of 2010. OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to characterize the vibration emissions of these motorized forks and to provide a first approximation of hand-transmitted vibration exposures to workers using these forks for beach cleaning. METHODS: Eight operators were recruited to operate the motorized forks during this laboratory study. Four fork configurations were used in the study; two motor speeds and two fork basket options were evaluated. Accelerations were measured near each hand as the operators completed the simulated beach-cleaning task. RESULTS: The dominant vibration frequency for these tools was identified to be around 20 Hz. Because acceleration was found to increase with motor speed, workers should consider operating these tools with just enough speed to get the job done. These forks exhibited considerable acceleration magnitudes when unloaded. CONCLUSIONS: The study results suggest that the motor should not be operated with the fork in the unloaded state. Anti-vibration gloves are not effective at attenuating the vibration frequencies produced by these forks, and they may even amplify the transmitted vibration and increase hand/arm fatigue. While regular work gloves are suitable, vibration-reducing gloves may not be appropriate for use with these tools. These considerations may also be generally applicable for the use of motorized forks in other workplace environments. |
Exploring the choice to refuse or delay vaccines: a national survey of parents of 6- through 23-month-olds
McCauley MM , Kennedy A , Basket M , Sheedy K . Acad Pediatr 2012 12 (5) 375-83 OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess respondents' self-reported choices for vaccinating their young children; knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs (KABs) about vaccination; and communication with their child's vaccination provider. METHODS: A national telephone survey of 1500 parents of children aged 6 to 23 months was conducted in 2010. We calculated proportions of parents who had chosen-or planned-to refuse or delay 1 or more recommended vaccines, and proportions for responses to KABs and communication questions, stratified by vaccination choice (ie, refuse or delay). RESULTS: The response rate was 46%. Among the 96.6% of respondents (95% confidence interval [CI], 95.5%-97.4%; weighted n = 1453) who had chosen for their child to receive at least 1 vaccine, 80.6% (95% CI, 78.8%-83.0%) reported that their child had received all vaccines when recommended and 86.5% (95% CI, 84.7%-88.2%) reported that their child would receive remaining vaccines when recommended. Respondents who considered not following recommendations, but ultimately did, cited the physician's recommendation as the reason for vaccinating. Most vaccinators who reported past or planned deviations from recommendations cited only 1 vaccine that they would refuse and/or delay; all vaccines were mentioned. These parents reported approaching vaccination with serious concerns, while believing other parents did not. All parents cited "vaccine side effects" as their top question or concern. Almost all parents talked to a doctor or nurse about vaccines and, overall, satisfaction with communication was high. CONCLUSIONS: Communication about vaccines is important to most parents, but may be challenging for providers, because parental choices vary; thus, efforts to improve and support vaccine communication by providers should continue. |
Confidence about vaccines in the United States: understanding parents' perceptions
Kennedy A , Lavail K , Nowak G , Basket M , Landry S . Health Aff (Millwood) 2011 30 (6) 1151-9 The United States has made tremendous progress in using vaccines to prevent serious, often infectious, diseases. But concerns about such issues as vaccines' safety and the increasing complexity of immunization schedules have fostered doubts about the necessity of vaccinations. We investigated parents' confidence in childhood vaccines by reviewing recent survey data. We found that most parents-even those whose children receive all of the recommended vaccines-have questions, concerns, or misperceptions about them. We suggest ways to give parents the information they need and to keep the US national vaccination program a success. |
Vaccine attitudes, concerns, and information sources reported by parents of young children: results from the 2009 HealthStyles survey
Kennedy A , Basket M , Sheedy K . Pediatrics 2011 127 Suppl 1 S92-9 OBJECTIVE: To describe the vaccine-related attitudes, concerns, and information sources of US parents of young children. METHODS: We calculated weighted proportions and 95% confidence intervals for vaccine-related attitudes, concerns, and information sources of parents with at least 1 child aged 6 years or younger who participated in the 2009 HealthStyles survey. RESULTS: The overall response rate for the survey was 65% (4556 of 7004); 475 respondents were parents or guardians ("parents") of at least 1 child aged 6 years or younger. Among those respondents, nearly all (93.4%) reported that their youngest child had or would receive all recommended vaccines. The majority of parents reported believing that vaccines were important to children's health (79.8%) and that they were either confident or very confident in vaccine safety (79.0%). The vaccine-related concern listed most often by parents was a child's pain from the shots given in 1 visit (44.2%), followed by a child getting too many vaccines at 1 doctor's visit (34.2%). When asked to list their most important sources of information on vaccines, the most common response was a child's doctor or nurse (81.7%). CONCLUSIONS: To maintain and improve on the success of childhood vaccines in preventing disease, a holistic approach is needed to address parents' concerns in an ongoing manner. Listening and responding in ways and with resources that address specific questions and concerns could help parents make more informed vaccination decisions. |
Prevalence of parental concerns about childhood vaccines the experience of primary care physicians
Kempe A , Daley MF , McCauley MM , Crane LA , Suh CA , Kennedy AM , Basket MM , Stokley SK , Dong F , Babbel CI , Seewald LA , Dickinson LM . Am J Prev Med 2011 40 (5) 548-55 BACKGROUND: Little is known about the effects of increased parental vaccine safety concerns on physicians' vaccine communication attitudes and practices. PURPOSE: To assess among pediatricians and family medicine (FM) physicians: (1) prevalence of parental requests to deviate from recommended vaccine schedules; (2) responses to such requests; and (3) attitudes about the burden and success of vaccine communications with parents. METHODS: Survey of nationally representative samples of pediatricians and FM physicians (N=696) conducted during February to May 2009 with analysis in 2010. RESULTS: Response rates were 88% for pediatricians and 78% for FM physicians. Overall, 8% of physicians reported that ≥10% of parents refused a vaccine and 20% reported that ≥10% of parents requested to spread out vaccines in a typical month. More pediatricians than FM physicians reported always/often requiring parents to sign a form if they refused vaccination (53% vs 31%, p<0.0001); 64% of all physicians would agree to spread out vaccines in the primary series at least sometimes. When talking with parents with substantial concerns, 53% of physicians reported spending 10-19 minutes and 8% spending ≥20 minutes. Pediatricians were more likely than FM physicians to report their job less satisfying because of parental vaccine concerns (46% vs 21%, p<0.0001). Messages most commonly reported as "very effective" were personal statements such as what they would do for their own children. CONCLUSIONS: The burden of communicating with parents about vaccines is high, especially among pediatricians. Physicians report the greatest success convincing skeptical parents using messages that rely on their personal choices and experiences. |
Riding in shopping carts and exposure to raw meat and poultry products: prevalence of, and factors associated with, this risk factor for salmonella and campylobacter infection in children younger than 3 years
Patrick ME , Mahon BE , Zansky SM , Hurd S , Scallan E . J Food Prot 2010 73 (6) 1097-100 Riding in a shopping cart next to raw meat or poultry is a risk factor for Salmonella and Campylobacter infections in infants. To describe the frequency of, and factors associated with, this behavior, we surveyed parents of children aged younger than 3 years in Foodborne Disease Active Surveillance Network sites. We defined exposure as answering yes to one of a series of questions asking if packages of raw meat or poultry were near a child in a shopping cart, or if a child was in the cart basket at the same time as was raw meat or poultry. Among 1,273 respondents, 767 (60%) reported that their children visited a grocery store in the past week and rode in shopping carts. Among these children, 103 (13%) were exposed to raw products. Children who rode in the baskets were more likely to be exposed than were those who rode only in the seats (odds ratio [OR], 17.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], 11.0 to 28.9). In a multivariate model, riding in the basket (OR, 15.5; 95% CI, 9.2 to 26.1), income less than $55,000 (OR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.0 to 3.1), and Hispanic ethnicity (OR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.2 to 4.5) were associated with exposure. Our study shows that children can be exposed to raw meat and poultry products while riding in shopping carts. Parents should separate children from raw products and place children in the seats rather than in the baskets of the cart. Retailer use of leak-proof packaging, customer placement of product in a plastic bag and on the rack underneath the cart, use of hand sanitizers and wipes, and consumer education may also be helpful. |
Web usage data as a means of evaluating public health messaging and outreach
Tian H , Brimmer DJ , Lin JM , Tumpey AJ , Reeves WC . J Med Internet Res 2009 11 (4) e52 BACKGROUND: The Internet is increasingly utilized by researchers, health care providers, and the public to seek medical information. The Internet also provides a powerful tool for public health messaging. Understanding the needs of the intended audience and how they use websites is critical for website developers to provide better services to the intended users. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to examine the utilization of the chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) website at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). We evaluated (1) CFS website utilization, (2) outcomes of a CDC CFS public awareness campaign, and (3) user behavior related to public awareness campaign materials and CFS continuing medical education courses. METHODS: To describe and evaluate Web utilization, we collected Web usage data over an 18-month period and extracted page views, visits, referring domains, and geographic locations. We used page views as the primary measure for the CFS awareness outreach effort. We utilized market basket analysis and Markov chain model techniques to describe user behavior related to utilization of campaign materials and continuing medical education courses. RESULTS: The CDC CFS website received 3,647,736 views from more than 50 countries over the 18-month period and was the 33rd most popular CDC website. States with formal CFS programs had higher visiting density, such as Washington, DC; Georgia; and New Jersey. Most visits (71%) were from Web search engines, with 16% from non-search-engine sites and 12% from visitors who had bookmarked the site. The public awareness campaign was associated with a sharp increase and subsequent quick drop in Web traffic. Following the campaign, user interest shifted from information targeting consumer basic knowledge to information for health care professionals. The market basket analysis showed that visitors preferred the 60-second radio clip public service announcement over the 30-second one. Markov chain model results revealed that most visitors took the online continuing education courses in sequential order and were less likely to drop out after they reached the Introduction pages of the courses. CONCLUSIONS: The utilization of the CFS website reflects a high level of interest in the illness by visitors to the site. The high utilization shows the website to be an important online resource for people seeking basic information about CFS and for those looking for professional health care and research information. Public health programs should consider analytic methods to further public health by understanding the characteristics of those seeking information and by evaluating the outcomes of public health campaigns. The website was an effective means to provide health information about CFS and serves as an important public health tool for community outreach. |
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